Enhancing Motivation and Engagement in Online Secondary Physics Through Project-Based Learning

Abstract Book of the 10th International Conference on Advanced Research in Education

Year: 2026

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Enhancing Motivation and Engagement in Online Secondary Physics Through Project-Based Learning

Prof Dr. Zarina Kukhayeva

ABSTRACT:

Online physics education often struggles to sustain student motivation and engagement, particularly at the secondary school level. This study investigates the effectiveness of project-based learning (PBL) as a strategy for increasing motivation and engagement in online secondary physics classes. The intervention was implemented with Grade 9 students, who worked in small groups to produce short video presentations evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of constructing a nuclear power plant. The project required students to apply physics concepts while considering environmental, economic, and societal factors.
The study employed a mixed-methods design. Quantitative data were collected through pre- and post-intervention surveys adapted from the Science Motivation Questionnaire II and through analysis of online participation metrics. Qualitative data were obtained from student reflections and video presentations. The research was grounded in Self-Determination Theory (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) and Expectancy-Value Theory (expectancy for success and perceived task value).
The findings indicate substantial improvements in student engagement and motivation. Average attendance increased from 41% before the intervention to 76.25% after implementation. In addition, 78% of students reported lower stress levels compared with traditional examination-based assessment. Qualitative analysis revealed enhanced collaboration, greater learner autonomy, and stronger perceptions of the relevance of physics to real-world energy and environmental issues.
These results provide empirical support for the use of online PBL in secondary physics education and suggest a scalable, theoretically grounded approach that may be transferable to educational contexts beyond Kazakhstan.

Keywords: Project-based learning (PBL) Motivation in physics education Online secondary education Nuclear energy Student engagement