The Protective Effects of Galangal (Alpinia galanga) Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats

Proceedings of The 4th International Conference on Applied Research in Engineering, Science and Technology

Year: 2021

DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.33422/4th.icarest.2021.08.184

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The Protective Effects of Galangal (Alpinia galanga) Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats

Amjad A. Kokandy and Hanan S. Althagafy

ABSTRACT: 

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used in cancer treatment and immunosuppressant therapy. The clinical use of CP is limited by its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardioprotective effect of galangal (Alpinia galanga) rhizome extract against CP-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Forty Wistar rats were used, and they were divided into four groups of 10 rats each. Group 1: the control group was administered with saline; group II received CP (50 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneally) for 3 days; groups III received 200 mg/kg/day galangal, orally for 14 days and groups IV was pretreated with 200 mg/kg/day galangal, orally for 14 days followed by CP (50 mg/kg/ day, i.p.) for 3 days. Results showed that animals exposed to CP shown a significant decrease in an activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes complexes, reduced antioxidant enzymes activities, and reduced glutathione levels. Furthermore, CP treatment resulted in an increase in the levels of cardiac serum markers, and lipids. However, the administration of galangal attenuated the biochemical changes induced by CP. This study showed a beneficial effect of galangal in the prevention of CP-induced cardiotoxicity in experimental animals.

Keywords: cardioprotective; methanolic extract; mitochondrial complexes; cardiac biomarkers; antioxidant activity.