Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Modern Research in Education, Teaching and Learning
Year: 2024
DOI:
[PDF]
Investigating Hegemonic Patterns in a Mandated Indonesian ELT Textbook: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Hainona Izza Golia
ABSTRACT:
Despite their primary function as educational tools and curriculum artifacts, textbooks often serve as subtle vehicles for ideological transmission. Research has raised concerns about how textbooks can endorse certain ideologies and reinforce dominant narratives in particular national settings, potentially marginalizing alternative viewpoints. Such concerns are particularly relevant in diverse contexts like Indonesia, whose national motto, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity), reflects its multicultural and multi-religious society. While over 80% of Indonesia’s population is Muslim, the country officially recognizes six religions, along with other significant religious minorities. This proposed presentation reports on a small-scale qualitative study, which investigated a Grade 10 English Language Teaching (ELT) textbook endorsed by the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (MOECRT). Utilizing critical discourse analysis (CDA) alongside Gramsci’s theory of hegemony, the study explores the extent to which Islamic practices and values are prioritized in the textbook’s content. Findings reveal patterns of recurring and positive representation of Muslim people and practices, while non-Muslim figures and practices receive little or no attention in the textbook. The frequent use of terms related to Islamic identity and practices, coupled with a lack of diverse religious representation, illustrates a dominant narrative reinforced through the textbook. These insights underscore the need for curriculum developers and educators to critically assess religious and cultural representations in textbooks, thereby fostering inclusivity, equity, and cultural awareness not only in Indonesia but also in other diverse societies.
keywords: ELT materials, Gramsci’s hegemony, Indonesia, Islamic ideology, religious diversity