Proceedings of the 5th World Conference on Climate Change and Global Warming
Year: 2025
DOI:
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Global Voices on COP 29: A Cross-Country Twitter Analysis of COP 29 Discussion
Oluwole Fagbohun, Ifeoluwa Wuraola, Sadeeq Akintola, Nelson Ogbeide, Ilemona Abutu, Temitope Kadri, Joshua Obodai, Anuoluwapo Gabriel, Bisola Kayode, Okiki-Jesu Timothy Olumide, Peter Adetola Adetunji, Mgbame Michael
ABSTRACT:
The 29th Conference of the Parties (COP 29) represents a critical juncture in global climate negotiations, with public discourse shaping policy perceptions. This study presents a large-scale analysis of 161,333 tweets from the pre-conference, during, and post-conference phases to assess public perception toward COP 29. Employing Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA), we identify key themes such as climate policy, activism, technological innovation, biodiversity, global cooperation, climate finance, and adaptation. Our analysis classifies sentiment polarity and intensity for each theme across regions and stakeholder groups, using multilingual language models to broaden the scope of sentiment classification. Our findings indicate that 40.9% of tweets express positive sentiment, particularly around technological advancements and awareness campaigns, highlighting optimism toward climate solutions. Conversely, 28.4% reflect negative sentiment, largely directed towards climate finance, equity, and policy commitments, exposing dissatisfaction over insufficient support for developing nations. Additionally, 31.3% of tweets were neutral, suggesting ongoing global deliberation. Temporal analysis shows tweet activity peaked during COP 29, with positive sentiment rising after policy announcements and technological showcases, while negative sentiment spiked due to controversial negotiations and climate finance concerns. Geospatial analysis highlights disparities between developed and developing nations, with the latter expressing stronger concerns over financial mechanisms and equity. We propose an interdisciplinary approach combining AI-driven sentiment analysis with climate policy research, providing a replicable framework for monitoring global sentiment in future negotiations. Our findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, negotiators, and climate advocates, emphasizing the role of social media analytics and positioning ABSA as a key tool in the global fight against climate change.
keywords: Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA), Climate Policy and Public Sentiment, Climate Finance and Equity, Multilingual Sentiment Analysis, Social Media Analysi