Using Science Diplomacy to Bridge the Gap Between the Global North and The Global South: Prospects and Challenges

Abstract Book of the 12th International Academic Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences

Year: 2026

[PDF]

Using Science Diplomacy to Bridge the Gap Between the Global North and The Global South: Prospects and Challenges

Hlengiwe Phetha

ABSTRACT:

Science diplomacy has become an essential instrument for promoting international cooperation, tackling global issues, and narrowing the gap between the Global North and the Global South. Furthermore, science diplomacy pertains to the specific domain of international relations where the interests of scientific inquiry and foreign policy converge. By utilizing scientific collaboration as a form of soft power, science diplomacy can enhance knowledge sharing, strengthen capacities, and create fair partnerships between developed and developing countries. This paper examines the opportunities and challenges associated with utilizing science diplomacy to mitigate inequalities in scientific and technological advancements, promote sustainable development, and enhance geopolitical relations. It acknowledges that this context is marked by substantial geopolitical and technological changes that impact science diplomacy. The paper will employ a qualitative research framework and conduct a desktop analysis of both primary and secondary documentary data available in the public domain. This paper revealed that South Africa’s science diplomacy is closely aligned with the nation’s foreign policy, rooted in ubuntu diplomacy, South-South solidarity, and North-South dialogue. Furthermore, the study will conclude that the government has synchronized the science, technology, and innovation agenda with the principles outlined in the Constitution, thereby enhancing the significance of science and technology as a vital instrument for economic growth, global competitiveness, social development, and poverty reduction. This approach leverages scientific collaboration and knowledge sharing to foster cooperation and address global challenges. The potential benefits of science diplomacy include strengthening scientific capacities in developing countries, promoting economic development, and enhancing diplomatic relations.

Keywords: Science Diplomacy, Global North, Global South, Prospects, Challenges